Math & Trig Functions
Master 26 Excel math and trigonometry functions like SUM, SUMIFS, ROUND, PRODUCT, and MOD with interactive exercises. Perform calculations and solve complex numeric problems efficiently.
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Math & Trig Functions Foundations
Learn how Excel math and trig functions handle rounding, signs, remainders, and basic numeric calculations.
Abs Function
Returns the absolute value of a number. ABS is useful when the magnitude of a result matters more than its direction, such as variance analysis, tolerance checks, and distance calculations.
Ceiling.math Function
Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or specified multiple.
Floor.math Function
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or specified multiple.
Int Function
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. INT is useful when you need the mathematical floor of a value, remove the time portion from a datetime, or keep only complete units from a division result.
Mdeterm Function
Returns the determinant of a square matrix.
Minverse Function
Returns the inverse of a square matrix.
Mmult Function
Returns the matrix product of two arrays.
Mod Function
Returns the remainder after division. MOD is useful for divisibility tests, repeating cycles, alternating-row logic, and time calculations that wrap across midnight.
Mround Function
Rounds a number to the nearest specified multiple.
Munit Function
Returns the identity matrix for a chosen dimension.
Pi Function
Returns the mathematical constant pi. PI is used in circle formulas, radian-based trigonometry, and geometry calculations that depend on circular relationships.
Power Function
Raises a number to a chosen power.
Product Function
Multiplies numbers, references, and ranges in one formula. PRODUCT is useful when a model depends on compounded factors rather than additive totals.
Rand Function
Returns a random decimal greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. RAND is useful for simulation models, random sampling, and generating test values that recalculate automatically.
Randbetween Function
Returns a random integer between two specified bounds. RANDBETWEEN is useful for discrete simulations, test datasets, and randomized indexing.
Round Function
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
Rounddown Function
Always rounds a number toward zero.
Roundup Function
Always rounds a number away from zero.
Sin Function
Returns the sine of an angle expressed in radians. SIN is used in trigonometry, coordinate geometry, waveform modeling, and component calculations.
Sqrt Function
Returns the positive square root of a number. SQRT is commonly used in geometry, distance formulas, and statistical models that depend on the principal square root.
Subtotal Function
Performs a calculation such as SUM or AVERAGE while respecting filtered rows.
Sum Function
Adds numbers, cell references, and ranges in a single formula. SUM is the standard aggregation function for totals, running balances, and cross-sheet consolidation.
Sumif Function
Sums values that meet one condition. SUMIF is used for category totals, threshold-based aggregation, and dynamic single-criteria reports.
Sumifs Function
Sums values that satisfy multiple conditions. SUMIFS is used for AND-based aggregation across several fields such as product, region, date, or threshold.
Sumproduct Function
Multiplies arrays element by element, then sums the results.
Trunc Function
Removes digits from a number by truncation, without rounding.
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